[Effect of pantoprazole on the rate of immunoglobulin absorption in newborn calves]

Newborn calves are agammaglobulinemic due to not receiving maternal immunoglobulin [Ig] in the uterus, and gain immunity immediately after birth through colostrum intake. Abomasum produces more acid within 24 hours after birth, leading to an increase of the probability of colostrum globulin destruction. The aim of the present study was to find if blocking acid secretion through proton pump inhibitors might prevent the destruction of colostrum immunoglobulins. Fifteen newly-born male Holstein calves were divided into five equal groups, including three control groups and two test groups. The calves were fed colostrum and milk at zero, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72 and 84 hours after birth using an esophageal tube as follows: Control groups: A- calves were fed milk for 24 hours after birth, then colostrum for 72 hours; B- calves were fed milk for 48 hours after birth, then colostrum for 72 hours; C- calves were fed colostrum for 72 hours after birth. Test groups: A] pantoprazole was injected intravenously every 24 hours [2 mg/kg] and the calves were fed milk for 24 hours after birth and then colostrum for the next 72 hours. B] pantoprazole was injected intravenously every 24 hours [2 mg/kg], and the calves were fed milk for 48 hours after birth and then colostrum for 72 hours. Serum IgG, IgM and IgA levels were measured using ELISA. The results did not show any significant differences in Ig blood concentrations in the control and test groups. Therefore, it is assumed that the high pH of abomasum has no significant effect on Ig intake

Serological Study of Leptospirosis in Cattle in Ahwaz

Detection of anti-Leptospira antibody in serum of cattle in Ahwaz. Field and serological study. 645 cattle. Blood samples were taken from jugular vein of 645 cattle [588 male, 57 female]. Sera were stored at -20°C until ready for use. They were tested, using the microscopic agglutination test [MAT] against 6 live antigens of leptospiral interogans serotypes. Antigens used were L.I. gripotyphosa, L.I. hardjo, L.I. icterohemorrhagica, L.I. pomona, L.I. ballum and L.I. canicola. Cultures were considered positive if 50ko[3]/41 or more of agglutination of leptospires in a dilution of test serum of 1:100 or greater were found. Chi- square test. Out of the sera samples, 347 [53.79ko[3]/41] were positive for at least one leptospire with percentage distribution among the highest number of reactors 30.07ko[3]/41 was due to L.I. gripotyphosa followed by in descending L.I. Pomona [18.33ko[3]/41], L.I. canicola [15.53ko[3]/[4]l], L.I. hardjo [14.35ko[3]/4l], L.I. icterohemorrhagica [11.55ko[3]/41] and L.I. ballum [10.16ko[3]/41]. Totally 35.16ko[3]/41 of srea showed evidence of mixed infection. In positive sera the antibody titers of 1:100 [44.42ko[3]/41], 1:200 [38.44ko[3]/[4]1], 1:400 [14.54ko[3]/41] and 1: 800 [1.20ko[3]41] were detected. The prevalence of reactors to leptospiral antigen did not differ with the sex of animal but had significant difference between industrial and non- industrial farms. In contrast to other studies in Iran, the Percentage of prevalence of leptospiral infection in Ahwaz was higher. It may probably due to climatic condition because the weather in Ahwaz is commonly warmer than other cities of Iran that studied previously. The high prevalence of infection and dominant titer of 1:100 reveal that leptospiral infection in Ahwaz is endemic